Namaste means "I bow to the divine in you".
Namaste – ETYM.
Namaste – meanings
The gesture of namaste is said "añjali mudrā" अञ्जलि मुद्रा. You may raise your hands to a higher or lower height depending on the context: over the head, in the relation to the divine, in front of the face, as a sign of great respect, in front of the chest, towards fellows. More respectfully: "Namaskar".
Le geste du namasté est nommé 'añjali mudrā' - On y lève les mains plus ou moins haut en fonction du contexte : au-dessus de la tête, dans la relation au divin ; devant le visage, en signe de grand respect ; devant la poitrine, envers ses semblables. On peut dire plus respectueusement : "Namaskar".
Indian caste system: origins…
The Indian caste system is said to date back the Purusha Sukta verse of the Rig Veda, asserting that “Brahmins came from his head, Kshatriyas came from his hands, Vaishyas came from his thighs, and Sudras came from his feet”, although many scholars considered this to have been inserted at a later date into the Vedic text.
Bindi: the third eye
“Made with vermilion powder
Or a sandalwood paste
Bindis बिंदी are a symbol of consciousness,
Good fortune and festivity
From the Sanskrit word ‘bindu’, which means "dot"
It’s "the third eye"
Or Shiva’s "eye of knowledge"
Esp. worn by married women
As the country has modernised
It has become very popular,
For some it’s a fashion accessory in the form of a sticker…”
« Faite à base de poudre vermillon
Ou d’une pâte de bois de santal
Le bindi बिंदी est un symbole de conscience,
De bonne fortune et de festivité
Du mot sanscrit ‘bindu’, qui signifie « la goutte »
Il est « le troisième œil »
Ou « œil de la connaissance » de Shiva
Portée en particulier par les femmes mariées
Avec la modernisation du pays,
La marque sacrée est devenue populaire,
Un accessoire de mode sous forme d'autocollants… »
Proposed by Véronique Fau
yoga
Yoga योग « union, joug, méthode », « mise au repos » - Discipline ou pratique issue des philosophies indiennes qui cherche par la méditation et les exercices corporels, à réaliser une forme d’union entre le physique, le psychique et le spirituel. Une des six écoles orthodoxes de la philosophie indienne. Depuis 2014, le 21 juin est la « Journée internationale du yoga ».
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Ensemble de textes révélés aux rishis(sages) constituant les fondements du védisme, du brahmanisme et de l’hindouisme.
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vahana
Vahana वाहन "that which carries" - An animal or mythical entity as a vehicle of a Hindu deity.
vahana
Vahana वाहन "ce qui porte" - Un animal ou une entité mythique en tant que véhicule d'une divinité hindoue.
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stupa
Stupa स्तूप (Sanskrit: "heap") – A mound-like or hemispherical structure containing relics or place of meditation, in different Indian religions (Jainism, Buddhism).
stupa
Stupa स्तूप (sanskrit) - Structure hémisphérique ou en forme de monticule contenant des reliques ou lieu de méditation, dans différentes religions indiennes (notamment le bouddhisme, mais aussi le jaïnisme).
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Saṃsāra संसार - The idea that in all Indian religions everything is linked to the karma theory, living beings cyclically going through births and rebirths. The word means "wandering" or "world" with the idea of a "cyclic change".
samsara
Dans les spiritualités indiennes, désigne la succession des vies, reliées au karma – Le mot vient du sanskrit et renvoie à « ce qui circule ».
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sadhu
Sadhu साधु "straight, right, leading straight to goal" – A religious ascetic person in India who has renounced the worldly life, dedicated to achieving mokṣa (liberation).
sadhu
Sādhu साधु « ayant atteint son bu » - Ascète qui a renoncé à la société pour se consacrer au moksha, la libération de l'illusion (māyā), l'arrêt du cycle des renaissances (samsara).
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(or panchakavyam) For Hinduism, a mixture used in traditional rituals prepared with five ingredients from cow: dung, urine, and milk; curd and ghee. Etym. means “five cow-derivatives”. Ayurvedic medicine introduces it in cowpathy as it is considered is capable of curing several diseases. Opponent mention that cow urine may be a source of harmful bacteria and infectious diseases.
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Moksha मोक्ष - The utmost aim to be attained in Indian religions (Hinduism, Buddhism, Jainism, Sikhism) refering to emancipation, enlightenment, freedom from saṃsāra. It may also designate freedom from ignorance.
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dalit
Dalit दलित - A group in India, excluded from the four-fold varna (caste) system and subjected to untouchability.
dalit
Dalit - Un groupe indien, exclu du système de caste (varna) - Réputés "intouchables".
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047/200transport
In Sanskrit, Vahana वाहन means “that which carries”, and designates an animal or mythical entity as a vehicle of a Hindu deity. (Sanskrit lg, Devanagari wr)
En sanskrit, Vahana वाहन signifie «ce qui porte» et désigne un animal ou une entité mythique comme véhicule d'une divinité hindoue.
What is transportation? What were the forms of transport? What were the rules and codes that accompanied the transport? What part does transport play in the balance of the world? Between remote piloting - over-equipment - driverless vehicle - the surge of UAVs... how does digital technology accompany the idea of transport? (to be completed)
Qu’est–ce que le transport ? Quelles ont été les formes de transport ? Quels furent les règles et codes qui ont accompagné le transport ? Quelle part prend le transport dans les équilibres du monde ? Entre pilotage à distance – suréquipement électronique – véhicule sans chauffeur – déferlement des drones… comment le numérique accompagne–t–il l’idée du transport ?... (à compléter)
caste
The Indian caste system (Sanskrit varna वर्ण) comprised of four classes, namely: the Brahmins (priests), the Kshatriyas (rulers, administrators, warriors), the Vaishyas (artisans, merchants, tradesmen, farmers), and the Sudras (labouring classes meant to serve the three upper classes). Another important group of people are the Dalit, the Untouchables, as well as the tribal people, considered to be out of the system.
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ayurveda
आयुर्वॆद - An antic system of medicine in India – Divided into eight canonical components: general medicine, pediatrics, surgical techniques, treatment of ailments affecting ears, eyes, nose, mouth, pacification of possessing spirits, toxicology, rejuvenation, aphrodisiacs.
ayurveda
आयुर्वॆद - Un système médical antique en Inde - Divisé en huit disciplines fondamentales : kāyācikitsā (médecine interne), śalyacikitsā (chirurgie, comprenant l’anatomie), śālākyacikitsā (maladies des yeux, des oreilles, du nez et de la gorge), kaumārabhṛtya (pédiatrie), bhūtavidyā (médecine de l’esprit), tantra agada (toxicologie), rasāyana (science de rajeunissement) et vājīkaraṇa (aphrodisiaques).
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ahimsa
Ahimsa अहिंसा - Cause no injury, do no harm - A concept common to Indian religions.
ahimsa
अहिंसा - Ne pas causer de préjudice, ne pas nuire - Un concept commun aux religions indiennes.
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Trimurti
Trimurti त्रिमूर्ति - the Triple deity of supreme divinity in Hinduism with Brahma the creator, Vishnu the preserver, and Shiva the destroyer.
Trimurti - Triple divinité suprême dans l'hindouisme avec Brahma qui crée, Vishnu qui préserve et Shiva qui détruit.
Siddham Script
Siddham script - Used for writing Sanskrit - meaning "accomplished" or "perfected".
Siddham - Une écriture utilisée pour écrire le sanskrit - Signifiant "accompli" ou "perfectionné".
Ramayana
Ramayana रामायणम् - A major Sanskrit epics of ancient India (another being the Mahābhārata) - Narrates the life of Rama, the legendary prince of the Kosala Kingdom.
Ramayana रामायणम् - Une épopée majeure de l'Inde ancienne (une autre étant le Mahābhārata) - Raconte la vie de Rama, le prince légendaire du royaume de Kosala.
Purusharthas
In Hinduism, the goals of humankind are known as Purusharthas: Artha: Wealth; Kama: Desire ; Dharma: Righteousness, Duty; Moksha: Liberation. They are said to be revolving around Varnashrama (4 Stages of human life): Brahmacharya – Student phase of life; Grihastha – Married phase of life and duties of maintaining a Householder; Vanaprastha – Retirement phase, handing over responsibilities to next generation; Sanyasa – Phase of giving up material desires and prejudices.
Purusha sukta
Purusha sukta पुरुषसूक्तम्) is hymn 10.90 of the Rigveda, dedicated to the Purusha, the "Cosmic Being".
Mahābhārata
Mahābhārata महाभारतम् - A major Sanskrit epics of ancient India (another being the Ramayana) - Narrates the opposition between the Pandava and Kaurava clans. Contains highly spiritual teachings, especially with the Bhagavad Gita and other parts of this huge epic work (often considered as the longest poem ever written).
Mahābhārata महाभारतम् - Une épopée majeure de l'Inde ancienne (une autre étant le Ramayana) - Raconte l'opposition entre le clan des Pandava et celui des Kaurava. Contient des enseignements hautement spirutuels, tout particulièrement avec la Bhagavad Gita et d'autres parties de cette immense œuvre épique (souvent considérée comme le plus long poème jamais écrit).
Diamond Sûtra
Diamond Sûtra - A Mahâyâna sutra, found among the Dunhuang manuscripts, claiming non-abiding and non-attachment.
Sûtra du diamant
Le Sûtra du diamant - Un texte du bouddhisme Mahâyâna, trouvé parmi les manuscrits de Dunhuang, prônant le non-attachement.
Telugu wr
Name: తెలుగు లిపి Telugu lipi
Systeme: alphasyllabary
Code: Telu
Direction: left to right
Creation: c. 5th century (from the Brahmi and then the Kadamba script)
Complements: An ancient style prevailed until the middle of the 20th century, when it was replaced by modern writing / Developed especially in the 11th century in the service of literature and poetry
Soyombo wr
Systeme: alphasyllabary
Code: Soyo
Direction: left to right
Creation: Öndör Gegeen Zanabazar
Complements: The symbol appears on the flag of Mongolia.
Sinhala wr
Name: සිංහල අක්ෂර මාලාව, Siṁhala Akṣara Mālāva
Systeme: alphasyllabary
Code: Sinh
Direction: left to right
Creation: 7th century (from Brahmi, via Brantha and Kadamba)
Complements: Two systems exist called śuddha siṃhala (pure), and miśra siṃhala (mixed).
Malayalam wr
Name: Malayāḷalipi മലയാളലിപി
Systeme: alphasyllabary
Code: Mlym
Direction: left to right
Creation: 9th century (from the Brahmi, via the Grantha)
Nagari wr
Systeme: alphasyllabary
Direction: left to right
Creation: 7th century (from the Gupta script, itself derived from Brahmi)
Complements: Gave birth to the Devanagari script.
Odia wr
Name: Oṛiā lipi, Oṛiā akṣara, ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଲିପି, ଓଡ଼ିଆ ଅକ୍ଷର
Systeme: alphasyllabary
Code: Orya
Creation: 11th century BC (via Brahmi, and the Kalinga alphabet) / Kalinga Text - 1051
Gurmukhi wr
Name: ਗੁਰਮੁਖੀ - meaning "from the mouth of the guru"
Systeme: alphasyllabary
Code: Guru
Direction: left to right
Creation: 16th century (from the Gupta script, especially via the Landa script) - Fixed by the second Sikh guru Angad.
Kannada wr
Name: ಕನ್ನಡ ಲಿಪಿ Kannaḍa lipi (old: Kannara)
Systeme: alphasyllabary
Code: Knda
Direction: left to right
Creation: c. 5th century (from the brahmi)
Complements: Very close to the Telugu next to which it developed.
Kharoshti wr
Name: (or Gandhari)
Systeme: alphasyllabary
Code: khar
Creation: 3rd century B.C.
Complements: Developed parallel to the Brahmi, but unlike it, has become extinct.
Devanagari wr
Name: देवनागरी - "divine" "urban"
Systeme: alphasyllabary
Code: Deva
Direction: left to right
Creation: Comes from the Brahmi, via the script Gupta, then Nagari.
Complements: It is a perfectly phonetic writing, indeed a well pronounced word can always be written, just as a read word can always be pronounced.
Brahmi wr
Systeme: alphasyllabary
Code: Brah
Creation: 3rd century B.C. - Writings of Emperor Ashoka
Complements: At the origin of many Indian scripts and beyond (South-East Asia, Tibet...)
Bengali wr
Name: bangla lipi - বাংলা লিপি, bangla bôrnômala - বাংলা বর্ণমালা
Systeme: alphasyllabary
Code: Beng
Direction: left to right
Complements: Two styles exist: Sadhu bhasha (which prevailed until the 19th century) and Colit or Colit bhasha.
Burmese wr
Name: မြန်မာအက္ခရာ
Systeme: alphasyllabary
Code: Mymr
Direction: left to right
Creation: The stele of Mya Zedi also known as Raja Kumar is written in four languages: Burmese, Mon, Pali, and Pyu.
Amitabha
With Byodoin Temple 平等院 in Kyoto
And Chusonji Temple 中尊寺 in Iwate
Fukiji Temple has one of three great Amitabha halls
Tathāgata Amitābha 阿弥陀如来
“The Buddha of Immeasurable Light and Life”
A seated statue built in Heian Period
Abhinaya
Abhinaya - A Sanskrit term designating the art of expression in Indian aesthetics. It liter. means “leading an audience towards”.
Any suggestion, improvement…? Many thanks and please, contact us…Sanskrit lg
An Indo-Aryan language of the ancient Indian subcontinent with a 3,500-year history, the primary liturgical language of Hinduism.
ISO 639-2 Code: san
Family: Indo-European lgs / Indo-Iranian lgs / Indo-Aryan lgs